同样，也有学者指出，《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》就是一个最好的证明。[81] 该公约在一百多个国家得到批准，而这一百多个国家不仅包括了两大相冲突的法系，相比于欧盟成员国的数量来说，这部公约需要在更多的法律文化和基础相互冲突，甚至相互对立的国家中得到实行。它的实行已充分说明法律文化多样性不会对统一法律的实施构成根本性的障碍。[82]值得一提的是，在德国对《联合国国际货物销售合同公约》曾经有一个争对律师团体的调查，调查结果显示该公约在实际生活中极少被当事人适用。其原因有二：第一是有百分之七十的律师没有听说过该公约；第二是因为对该公约的条款缺乏一个权威机构进行解释，以至于在合同纠纷出现时不能对公约条款作出准确的预测，从而增加了合同的不确定因素。
然而，不论如何，勒康提出的观点影响了欧盟民法典的起草思路，将“法律文化”的影响提上了议程。学者由最初期待着颁布一部有强行执行力的统一民法典，逐渐意识到了文化多样性所带来的社会价值，而欧盟则应保护这种多样性价值的存在。进入九十年代中期以来，“协调”（harmonisation）一词取代了“统一”（unification），因为“统一”一词暗示出了外来强制力下的单一化，从而造成文化多样性的损害。而“协调”一词在意味着这种法律单一化的同时，也暗含了法律自然的融合，因此更受学者的青睐。[83] 总而言之，法律文化多样性的提出使欧盟民法典的起草和研究更加走向成熟，也就是在这些激烈讨论中，才孕育出了今天这部先进的民法典草案。
【作者简介】
付俊伟，华盛顿大学法学院访问学者。
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